@ARTICLE{Goławski_Czesław_Refractory_2019, author={Goławski, Czesław and Kielski, Andrzej and Obszyńska, Lucyna and Wyszomirski, Piotr}, volume={vol. 35}, number={No 3}, journal={Gospodarka Surowcami Mineralnymi - Mineral Resources Management}, pages={23-36}, howpublished={online}, year={2019}, publisher={Komitet Zrównoważonej Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi PAN}, publisher={Instytut Gospodarki Surowcami Mineralnymi i Energią PAN}, abstract={The authors established the chemical and phase compositions of grain fractions of the magnesia carbon scrap disintegrated using industrial cone crushers. The investigations included chemical and XRD analyses and optical investigations. The contents of admixtures: SiO2, CaO, Fe2O3 and Al2O3 increase with the decreasing size of the scrap grain fractions, whereas the C/S ratio decreases in finer and finer fractions due to changes of the phase composition. These relations are caused by the presence of low-fusible silicate phases, characterized by their cleavage and brittleness. Such phases were mainly derived from the graphite ash containing a high silica content. The scrap after removing its finest grain fractions can be recycled and utilized for producing the magnesia-carbon refractory materials. However, the finest grain fractions may be used, e.g. as a component of gunite mixes. Many years of experience collected by the ArcelorMittal Refractories Ltd., Krakow, Poland in the field of refractory scrap utilization has also been presented.}, type={Article}, title={Refractory magnesia-carbon scrap as a valuable secondary raw material}, URL={http://rhis.czasopisma.pan.pl/Content/112126/PDF/Go%C5%82awski-i-inni.pdf}, doi={10.24425/gsm.2019.128531}, keywords={refractories, magnesia-carbon scrap, secondary raw materials}, }