@article{Richter_Marc_Improving_2018,
 author={Richter, Marc and Hauer, Ines and Komarnicki, Przemysław},
 howpublished={online},
 year={2018},
 abstract={<p>
 Both the growing number of dispersed generation plants and storage 
 systems
 </p>
 <p>
 and the new roles and functions on the demand side (e.g. demand side 
 management) are
 </p>
 <p>
 making the operation (monitoring and control) of electrical grids more 
 complex, especially
 </p>
 <p>
 in distribution. This paper demonstrates how to integrate phasor 
 measurements so that
 </p>
 <p>
 state estimation in a distribution grid profits optimally from the high 
 accuracy of PMUs.
 </p>
 <p>
 Different measurement configurations consisting of conventional and 
 synchronous mea-
 </p>
 <p>
 surement units, each with different fault tolerances for the quality of 
 the calculated system
 </p>
 <p>
 state achieved, are analyzed and compared. Weighted least squares (WLS) 
 algorithms for
 </p>
 <p>
 conventional, linear and hybrid state estimation provide the 
 mathematical method used in
 </p>
 <p>
 this paper. A case study of an 18-bus test grid with real measured PMU 
 data from a 110 kV
 </p>
 <p>
 distribution grid demonstrates the improving of the system&#8217;s state 
 variable&#8217;s quality by
 </p>
 <p>
 using synchrophasors. The increased requirements, which are the 
 prerequisite for the use
 </p>
 <p>
 of PMUs in the distribution grid, are identified by extensively 
 analyzing the inaccuracy of
 </p>
 <p>
 measurement and subsequently employed to weight the measured quantities.
 </p>},
 title={Improving state estimation in smart distribution grid using synchrophasor technology: a comparison study},
 type={Artykuły / Articles},
 volume={vol. 67},
 number={No 3},
 journal={Archives of Electrical Engineering},
 pages={469–483},
 publisher={Polish Academy of Sciences},
 doi={10.24425/123657},
 keywords={accuracy analysis, case study, distribution grid state estimation, phasor measurement units, weighted least squares},
}